Compare and Contrast Gibson’s and Gregory’s theories of...

Compare and Contrast Gibson’s and Gregory’s theories of perception Gibson’s and Gregory’s theories of perception both suggest that eye-retina is important for perception. The both believe that without eye-retina, a person will not be able to see. This is a common view of both of the theories of perception. The idea is supported by the case of SB. SB was a man who had been blind from birth due to cataracts. When he was 52, he had an operation which restored his sight and hence he could see. Thus, this case has shown the importance of eye-retina for things to be perceived. And therefore, supports both of theories of perception which eye-retina is essential for perception. Gibson believes in the direct theories of perception which†¦show more content†¦It may be that a genetic predisposition to perception exists, but that situational factors also have to be in place for it to develop. Apart from the above, there are a few more differences between Gibson’s and Gregory’s theories of perception. Gregory believes that additional processing is required for perception which some forms of background knowledge is needed to make sense of the environment than just the sensory input while Gibson believes that perception is part of an inbuilt adaptive mechanism for survival which does not rely on stored knowledge or past experience. Gregory believes that expectations have an impact on perceptions which Gibson disagrees. There is empirical evidence supporting the idea of Gregory, and this comes from a study carried out by Simons and Levin. 50% of the participants failed to realise that there was a switch of people. This is probably due to the fact that the participants had not expected a change of person. Hence, they were unable to perceive it. Furthermore, a study carried out by Selfridge also supports the idea of Gregory. Selfridge’s study demonstrates that our perceptions are mediated by our expectations as people are able to read the figures as ‘’the cat’’. This is because people have the expectations of the cat as they are words in common usage. These studies have shown that people saw what they have been

Essay on Lady Macbeth A Dynamic Character - 1253 Words

In our society, as a rule, the man is the head of the household. However, in Shakespeare’s Macbeth, Lady Macbeth appears to be the neck that turns the head. William Shakespeare is one of the greatest writers in history, but he wasn’t recognized until the nineteenth century. He wrote many plays, sonnets, plays, and narrative plays. It was during the sixteenth century that he wrote the tragedy of Macbeth. Lady Macbeth, wife to the protagonist Macbeth, is one of Shakespeare’s most famous and evil female characters. At the start of the play, Lady Macbeth is ruthless, ambitious, cruel, and manipulative; however, by the end of the play she becomes insane and helpless. The transformation of these characteristics makes Lady Macbeth a very dynamic†¦show more content†¦v. 40-54). She is asking the gods to take away her feminine side so she can kill Duncan without remorse, as a man should. With her determined ambition she influences Macbeth to become ambitious hims elf and to be courageous and kill Duncan. Later in the play, with his newfound ambition, he makes plans to kill the Macduff family on his own. â€Å"Lady Macbeth tutors her husband in the arts of deceit† (Kemp 95). She tells him to â€Å"bear welcome in your eye, your hand, your tongue: look like th’ innocent flower, but be the serpent under’t† (Shakespeare I. v. 63-65). She also portrays the perfect hostess. Duncan praises Lady Macbeth for being an â€Å"honour’d hostess† and a â€Å"fair and noble hostess† (Shakespeare I. vi. 10, 24). She drugs the guards who protect Duncan’s bedchamber by bringing them tainted wine. Lady Macbeth, unable to kill Duncan because he resembles his father, has Macbeth to murder him instead. After the deed is done, Lady Macbeth plays to be distraught over the King’s death. Later, following the murders of Duncan and Banquo, Macbeth acknowledges his wife as hostess, and she welcomes the thanes who have gathered after being summoned to acknowledge Macbeth as their new king (Kemp 95). Lady Macbeth is a master at manipulation. She tantalizes him [Macbeth] with his own self-image as a man who dares anything, for whom no limits of any kind exist (Bloom 39). Macbeth is afraid of the consequences ofShow MoreRelatedSymbolism Of Blood In Macbeth766 Words   |  4 PagesShakespeare’s most bloody work, Macbeth portrays its plot perfectly: Macbeth’s bloody rise to power and his tragic downfall. Throughout the play, the symbolism of blood advances this plot. We are introduced to Macbeth as a brave soldier without flaw, but he soon becomes consumed with achieving his â€Å"fated† future. From the moment Macbeth murdered Duncan, the symbolism of blood represents throughout the play his conscience, his dynamic character change, and his and Lady Macbeth’s guilt. Both beforeRead More Darkness and the Agents of Chaos in Shakespeares Macbeth Essay1380 Words   |  6 Pages In Macbeth William Shakespeare employs his skills in imagery and symbolism.   The landscape of Macbeth reveals the contours of the title characters psychological turmoil.   Churning with self-doubt about his determination, his ability to connect word and act, and his sexual potency, Macbeth is a man at the mercy of his environment.   The inability to sleep is symbolic of a tormented soul and represents a characters control over their lives.   The imagery of darkness in Act 4 is used to describeRead MoreLady Macbeth Character Analysis1057 Words   |  5 PagesLady Macbeth: If we look at the stage time Lady Macbeth’s character gets throughout the play, we cannot be consider her to be marginalised. Appearing in about 10 scenes, she has a great number of powerful, memorable monologues and is for all intents and purposes, the female protagonist. It is however the changes her character goes through that classifes her as marginalised. Her character is the one undergoing the greatest transformation. She begins the play with full strength and a dominating personalityRead MoreMacbeth Comparative Essay1150 Words   |  5 PagesThe Power Couple Macbeth Comparative Essay Word Count: 1147 In Western culture today, it is a widely accepted fact that men and women have equal power in a marriage; whereas in Elizabethan times, a woman was dominated by her husband and she would have very little control over her life. The leading omnipotent couple in William Shakespeare’s Macbeth have a compelling marriage with a power dynamic that is beyond the boundaries set by society at the time in which he wrote the play. The directorsRead MoreMacbeth Character Analysis919 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s uses of dynamic characters show no boundaries to showcase a deeper understanding of his characters in his play Macbeth. The main characters of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth decline over time in the play to show how complex the characters are. Macbeth establishes his position to be a warrior hero who defeats the King of Norway, yet he turns ambitious for more than the Thane of Cawdor with his desire for greater power. Controversial to Lady Macbeth, her desire for pow er from the startRead MoreAnalysis Of Lady Macbeth : Hungry For AFruitless Crown942 Words   |  4 Pagestragedy of Macbeth is a story of greed and lust for personal gain that is still seen frequently today, for it is human nature. It’s seen in many instances, such as power-hungry politicians with corrupt practices or even teenagers that bully to gain social status. Lady Macbeth possesses these same qualities throughout the story, and it’s evident from the very start when the fate witches tell their prophecies to the time of Macbeth’s downfall. During all of this, it’s clear that Lady Macbeth is the oneRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth, The Dynamic Of The Macbeths Relationship1418 Words   |  6 Pagesfamily, significant others, or people outside of the private life. Relationships can be toxic, healthy, and some are an odd mixture of both, creating a strange power complex. In Shakespeare s Macbeth, the dynamic of the Macbeths relationship is an exa mple of one of those strange mixed relationships. These dynamics can also be seen in real world couples, such as King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette. All of human existence revolves around relationships, or the lack thereof. Relationships can makeRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth - A Man Without Ethics Is A Wild Beast Loosed Upon This World1286 Words   |  6 Pagesconcept in his renowned work, Macbeth. In this play, Shakespeare primarily uses the characters of Macbeth, Lady Macbeth, and Banquo to warn of the dangers of a loss of morality. Closer to Camus s time, the 1998 film A Simple Plan uses strikingly similar techniques to exhibit the same concept. It too, uses its main characters- Hank, Sarah, and Jacob- to warn of this ambition-fuelled corruption of morality. Through juxtaposing the significant actions the main characters of each work make, it is clearlyRead MoreShakespeare s Macbeth - Ambition1585 Words   |  7 PagesAmbition in Macbeth Ambition is a strong desire to do or to achieve something, typically requiring determination and hard work. In Williams Shakespeare s Macbeth the characters Lady Macbeth and Macbeth have a strong desire to ascend the throne and they are determined to do whatever it takes in order to achieve this goal, including deceiving and killing those they are closest to. The zeal of ambition predominately persuades both characters actions in Macbeth. Lady Macbeth portrays how the forcesRead MoreMacbeth Character Analysis Essay776 Words   |  4 PagesWithin Shakespeare’s Macbeth, themes of inner disorder are woven frequently throughout the play. The audience is shown how powerful exterior influences can contribute heavily to said turmoil. During the plot of the play, Macbeth suffers a tragic deterioration of his sanity and life entirely. This downfall is credited to many factors, such as the guilt Macbeth suffers following his murders. However, Macbeth’s miseries are shown to be a result of his wife’s constant persistence. Within the chosen passage

Understanding Leadership Styles Free Essays

Understanding leadership styles within an organisation Set out here the various leadership styles ie Alimo Metcalfe The engaging leadership model. Also add afew more . The set the scene for LBE Ethos for leadership. We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding Leadership Styles or any similar topic only for you Order Now Followed by my own style of management and what impact that as on the team. This assignment will firstly address the meaning of leadership, followed The Leadership role is said to be â€Å"the manner and approach of providing direction, implementing plans and motivating people† (Us Army handbook 1973Miltary Leadership) There are said to be three styles of leadership, 1, Authoritarian or Autocratic , Participative or democratic 3, Delegative or free reign Good leaders are said to use all three styles of leadership, with one being more dominate than the others. Leaders that tend not to be good at their role tend to use only one style. Authoritarian This style is used when the leader tells an employee what she/he wants done and how of this method is when you have all the information to solve the problem but there is little time and the employees are well motivated. This style should only be used on rare occasions. This can be used if staff needs to be instructed to complete a piece of work. Participative This leadership style involves the leader and one or more employee, in the decision making. However it is the leader that makes the final decision. This method is used when the leader has part of the information and the employees have the other. The leader does not have to know everything; hence the employee being a knowledgeable and skilful employee could assist the leader. Using this style is of a mutual benefit, as it allows the employee to feel part of a team and allows the leader to make better decisions. This style of managing is useful if you wish the staff to be involved in the decision making and allows the staff to be part of the team. It also enables the managers to utilise the skills, experience and expertise within the team. Delegative In this style the leader allows the employee to make the decision. The leader however remains responsible for the decisions that are made. This method can be used when the employees are able to analyse the situation and decides what is to e done and how to do it, it allows for the leader to set priorities and delegate certain tasks. This should be used when there is full trust and confidence in the employee. The forces that influence the style to be used are: * How much time is available * Are relationship based on respect and trust or on disrespect and mistrust. * Who has the information * How well employees are trained and how well they know the task. * Internal conflicts Stress levels * Type of task i. e. structured, unstructured, complicated, or simple. * Laws or established procedures. In using this style of managing is what you would want to have within your team, but this would be dependant on the member of staff, their skills, experience and whether they can be trusted to carry out their task. The London Borough of Enfield has devised a document called the â€Å"Councils Leadership Competencies Framework, which describes the competencies and levels that they want their leaders to aspire to. The framework has been developed to reflect the council’s ethos and the major changes that are to take place within the council, with a shrinking budget and resources and an ever more rising demands on our services. The model that the council promotes is one that gives leaders the opportunity to analyses their leadership roles and responsibility. The London Borough of Enfield has thirteen competencies within the framework. These are arranged in four clusters, Personal Resources, Core Behaviours, Leadership and Technical and Professionals Skills. There is an expectation that as managers we will adopt this style of leadership. Views a How to cite Understanding Leadership Styles, Papers

Understanding Leadership Styles Free Essays

Understanding leadership styles within an organisation Set out here the various leadership styles ie Alimo Metcalfe The engaging leadership model. Also add afew more . The set the scene for LBE Ethos for leadership. We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding Leadership Styles or any similar topic only for you Order Now Followed by my own style of management and what impact that as on the team. This assignment will firstly address the meaning of leadership, followed The Leadership role is said to be â€Å"the manner and approach of providing direction, implementing plans and motivating people† (Us Army handbook 1973Miltary Leadership) There are said to be three styles of leadership, 1, Authoritarian or Autocratic , Participative or democratic 3, Delegative or free reign Good leaders are said to use all three styles of leadership, with one being more dominate than the others. Leaders that tend not to be good at their role tend to use only one style. Authoritarian This style is used when the leader tells an employee what she/he wants done and how of this method is when you have all the information to solve the problem but there is little time and the employees are well motivated. This style should only be used on rare occasions. This can be used if staff needs to be instructed to complete a piece of work. Participative This leadership style involves the leader and one or more employee, in the decision making. However it is the leader that makes the final decision. This method is used when the leader has part of the information and the employees have the other. The leader does not have to know everything; hence the employee being a knowledgeable and skilful employee could assist the leader. Using this style is of a mutual benefit, as it allows the employee to feel part of a team and allows the leader to make better decisions. This style of managing is useful if you wish the staff to be involved in the decision making and allows the staff to be part of the team. It also enables the managers to utilise the skills, experience and expertise within the team. Delegative In this style the leader allows the employee to make the decision. The leader however remains responsible for the decisions that are made. This method can be used when the employees are able to analyse the situation and decides what is to e done and how to do it, it allows for the leader to set priorities and delegate certain tasks. This should be used when there is full trust and confidence in the employee. The forces that influence the style to be used are: * How much time is available * Are relationship based on respect and trust or on disrespect and mistrust. * Who has the information * How well employees are trained and how well they know the task. * Internal conflicts Stress levels * Type of task i. e. structured, unstructured, complicated, or simple. * Laws or established procedures. In using this style of managing is what you would want to have within your team, but this would be dependant on the member of staff, their skills, experience and whether they can be trusted to carry out their task. The London Borough of Enfield has devised a document called the â€Å"Councils Leadership Competencies Framework, which describes the competencies and levels that they want their leaders to aspire to. The framework has been developed to reflect the council’s ethos and the major changes that are to take place within the council, with a shrinking budget and resources and an ever more rising demands on our services. The model that the council promotes is one that gives leaders the opportunity to analyses their leadership roles and responsibility. The London Borough of Enfield has thirteen competencies within the framework. These are arranged in four clusters, Personal Resources, Core Behaviours, Leadership and Technical and Professionals Skills. There is an expectation that as managers we will adopt this style of leadership. Views a How to cite Understanding Leadership Styles, Papers

Scream 3 Soundtrack free essay sample

The soundtrack to the final chapter of theScream trilogy has the two elements most expected from a horror moviescore: terror and intensity. Creed, executive producers of the album, contributestwo songs that are substantially lighter in comparison to the others, but includetheir dynamic hit single, What If. Many tracks will appeal to fansof hardcore rock. Slipknots most recent single, Wait and Bleed, is thebest song I have heard in the last year not performed by one of my favoritebands. The three percussionists add emotion and intensity to the bands horrificcacophony that somehow turns out spectacular. Melody and fierceness aresimultaneously exhibited in Crawl, by Staind. Dopes Debonairedemonstrates the characteristic intensity and political opinions that have earnedthem tours with Limp Bizkit and Powerman 5000. The latter contributes a song,Get On, Get Off, that is typical of what lead singer Spider has calledtheir heavy metal space disco. The most unique song is probablySo Real by Static-X. We will write a custom essay sample on Scream 3 Soundtrack or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It blends metal with dance music to create a songhardrock fans could actually enjoy hearing at an average dance party. Thisalbum features bands currently dominating mainstream rock. System of a Down (whocontributes their new single Spiders), Orgy, Incubus, innovativespooky-core act Coal Chamber, Sevendust, Fuel and Godsmack are all reasons topurchase the soundtrack. Perhaps the best reason, however, is to hearScream star David Arquette trying to be a musician with his band Ear2000.This humorous attempt is a pleasant intermission from the abundant horror. If theScream trilogy seems too much of a parody of horror movies to actuallyfrighten you, youll surely appreciate being scared by the soundtracksextraordinary intensity.